Information About Materials Used in Body Jewellery & Piercings
Titanium Implant Grade ASTM F136
Titanium used for body jewelry—especially in piercings—is prized for its strength, lightweight nature, corrosion resistance, and exceptional biocompatibility. When manufacturers refer to “implant grade” titanium under ASTM F136, they are indicating that the material meets strict standards (set by ASTM International) for use in surgical implants. Here’s a detailed look at what that means and why it’s beneficial for piercings:
What Is ASTM F136 Titanium?
- ASTM F136 Standard:
ASTM F136 is the standard specification for titanium alloy (most commonly Ti‑6Al‑4V ELI, where “ELI” stands for Extra Low Interstitial) destined for surgical implantation. This standard defines the chemical composition, mechanical properties, and quality requirements such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and purity. - Implant-Grade Definition:
Labeling titanium as “implant grade” under ASTM F136 means that the metal has been produced, processed, and tested under rigorous conditions to ensure it is safe to use in the human body—whether as an orthopedic implant, dental implant, or body jewelry (like piercings).
Key Properties of ASTM F136 Titanium
- Biocompatibility:
Titanium naturally forms a thin oxide layer (titanium dioxide) when exposed to air. This layer is highly inert and helps the metal integrate with bodily tissues while reducing the risk of adverse reactions. - Corrosion Resistance:
The oxide layer also protects the metal from corrosion—even in the harsh environment of body fluids—ensuring longevity and safety over long periods. - High Strength-to-Weight Ratio:
Despite being lightweight, titanium alloys like Ti‑6Al‑4V ELI are very strong. This makes them ideal for objects that need to withstand daily stresses, such as body jewelry. - Non-Magnetic:
Titanium is non-magnetic, an advantage for wearers who might otherwise experience issues with magnetic fields (for example, during MRI scans). - Hypoallergenic:
Titanium is one of the most hypoallergenic metals available. While allergies to titanium are extremely rare, its inertness makes it a preferred choice for people with metal sensitivities—especially as alternatives like nickel can cause allergic reactions.
Why ASTM F136 Titanium Is Popular in Piercings
- Safety and Certification:
Using ASTM F136 titanium means the material adheres to a standard that guarantees quality and biocompatibility. For a body piercing that sits in contact with sensitive tissue for extended periods, this assurance is crucial. - Durability:
The high strength and fatigue resistance of Ti‑6Al‑4V ELI ensure that the jewelry can withstand everyday impacts and the stresses of movement without deforming or corroding. - Versatility in Design:
Titanium can be machined or laser-cut into intricate designs. It can also be anodized—an electrochemical process that forms colored oxide layers on its surface—allowing for a range of aesthetic choices while maintaining the underlying biocompatibility. - Excellent Healing Environment:
Due to its inert nature, titanium does not interfere with the body’s healing process, making it a top choice for new piercings and for individuals with sensitive or compromised skin.
Considerations for Piercing Jewelry
- Proper Manufacturing:
While the material itself is extremely safe, it’s important that the jewelry is fabricated by reputable manufacturers who adhere to both ASTM F136 for material quality and proper finishing processes (e.g., smooth polishing to minimize tissue irritation). - Aftercare:
Even when using high-quality, implant-grade titanium, proper piercing aftercare remains essential to prevent infection and ensure optimal healing. - Potential Allergies:
Although titanium allergies are very rare, if you’ve experienced metal sensitivities in the past, discuss your options with a professional piercer or healthcare provider.
Summary
ASTM F136 titanium is a high-quality, implant-grade material—commonly the Ti‑6Al‑4V ELI alloy—that meets stringent standards for medical use. Its excellent biocompatibility, strength, light weight, and low allergenic potential make it an ideal choice for body jewelry. When used in piercings, this titanium not only provides safety and durability but also offers versatility in design, ensuring that your jewelry will both look great and be well-tolerated by your body for years to come.
If you have any concerns about your specific needs or sensitivities, consulting with a professional piercer or healthcare provider can help ensure you choose the best material for your piercing.
14K Solid Gold
When choosing jewelry for piercings, many people consider 14k gold because of its blend of durability, aesthetic appeal, and relative hypoallergenic properties (when crafted with the right alloys). Here’s a comprehensive overview of 14k gold in piercings:
What Is 14k Gold?
- Definition:
14k gold means that 14 parts out of 24 (about 58.3%) are pure gold, with the remaining 41.7% made up of other metals (such as copper, silver, zinc, or sometimes nickel). These additional metals help strengthen the gold, making it more durable for everyday wear. - Why 14k?
While 24k gold is 100% pure, it’s too soft for most jewelry applications—especially in body jewelry where durability matters. Conversely, higher alloy percentages (lower karat gold) offer better strength while still providing a gold appearance.
14k Gold in Piercings: Pros and Cons
Pros:
- Aesthetic Appeal:
Many choose 14k gold for its warm, traditional look. It can complement various skin tones and personal styles, making it a popular choice for earrings and other body jewelry. - Durability:
With only 58.3% pure gold, the additional metals give 14k gold increased hardness compared to higher karat options like 18k or 24k, making it more resistant to scratching and bending—important qualities for items worn in areas subject to movement. - Hypoallergenic Options:
When manufactured using quality alloys (i.e., without nickel), 14k gold can be relatively inert and well-tolerated even by those with sensitive skin. However, it’s essential to confirm the alloy composition if you have metal sensitivities.
Cons:
- Allergen Concerns:
Not all 14k gold alloys are created equal. Some may include nickel or other metals that can trigger allergic reactions. If you’re prone to allergies, verify with the manufacturer or piercer that the jewelry is nickel-free. - Not Always Ideal for Fresh Piercings:
Many piercers prefer implant-grade materials (like titanium or surgical steel) for new piercings because these metals are extremely biocompatible and less likely to cause irritation during the healing process. Although 14k gold is a great option for healed piercings, it might not be the first choice for fresh ones. - Cost and Care:
Gold jewelry typically comes at a higher price point than some alternative materials. Additionally, while 14k gold is durable, it still requires proper care—regular cleaning and mindful handling—to maintain its appearance.
Considerations When Choosing 14k Gold for Piercings
- Allergy Testing:
If you have a known allergy to metals (especially nickel), ask your piercer or jeweler for details on the alloy composition. Many reputable manufacturers offer nickel-free 14k gold options. - Piercing Stage:
For fresh piercings, many professionals recommend using implant-grade metals like titanium or surgical steel due to their proven biocompatibility and lower risk of irritation. Once the piercing is fully healed, switching to 14k gold for its look and feel can be a great option. - Lifestyle and Usage:
Consider your daily activities. If you’re active or work in an environment where jewelry might bump or scratch frequently, ensure that your 14k gold piece is well-made and suitably robust.
Alternatives and Comparisons
- 18k Gold:
Contains about 75% pure gold, giving it a richer color but making it softer and more prone to scratching or bending—less ideal for everyday body jewelry in high-movement areas. - Titanium and Implant-Grade Stainless Steel:
These materials are highly biocompatible and are often the go-to for new or sensitive piercings. They’re durable, lightweight, and generally affordable, though they lack the classic look of gold. - Niobium and Platinum:
Other excellent alternatives for those seeking hypoallergenic options with a distinctive appearance.
In Summary
14k gold is a popular choice for body jewelry because it strikes a good balance between aesthetics and durability. It’s best suited for healed piercings, especially when crafted with hypoallergenic, nickel-free alloys. Always consult with your piercer regarding the best materials for your specific piercing stage and sensitivities, and ensure that you’re aware of the jewelry’s composition to avoid potential allergic reactions.
Surgical Steel 316L
Surgical steel 316L is one of the most popular materials used for body jewelry, especially in piercings. Below is an overview of its key properties, benefits, and considerations:
What is 316L Surgical Steel?
- Composition:
316L is a low-carbon version of 316 stainless steel. Its typical alloy composition includes approximately: - Corrosion Resistance:
The addition of molybdenum significantly enhances the corrosion resistance of 316L, making it “marine grade” stainless steel. This is particularly useful for jewelry that is exposed to various bodily fluids and the external environment.
Why is 316L Commonly Used in Piercings?
- Biocompatibility:
Surgical steel 316L has a long-standing reputation for being biocompatible with most people. Its inert nature makes it generally safe for implantation into the human body, which is why it’s widely used in both medical devices and body jewelry. - Strength and Durability:
The alloy is strong and resistant to bending or breaking, ensuring that the jewelry remains intact during the healing process and everyday activities. - Smooth Finishes:
When properly manufactured and polished, 316L jewelry can have a very smooth surface. A polished, smooth surface minimizes irritation in a new piercing by reducing friction and preventing bacteria from getting trapped in microscopic crevices. - Cost-Effective:
Compared to other implant-grade metals like titanium, niobium, or precious metals, surgical steel is relatively affordable while still offering good performance for most wearers.
Considerations and Potential Drawbacks
- Nickel Content:
Although 316L is considered biocompatible for most people, it does contain nickel. For individuals with a nickel allergy or sensitivity, even the small amount of nickel release over time can sometimes trigger a reaction. In such cases, alternatives like titanium or niobium might be preferred. - Quality Control & Manufacturing:
The performance of the final piece of jewelry depends largely on the manufacturing process. High-quality 316L jewelry is typically carefully polished and passivated to enhance its corrosion resistance and reduce the risk of irritation. Poorly manufactured jewelry might have rough edges or an inconsistent finish, which can lead to complications in a new piercing. - Alternatives:
For those with sensitivities or looking for a different option, implant-grade titanium is a common alternative. Titanium is highly biocompatible and is completely nickel-free, making it an excellent choice for initial piercings or for those prone to metal allergies.
Best Practices for Using 316L in Piercings
- Proper Sizing and Fit:
Ensure that the jewelry is the correct size for the specific piercing to prevent pressure, movement, or irritation during the healing process. - Sterilization:
Always use jewelry from reputable sources where the pieces have been thoroughly cleaned and sterilized. This minimizes the risk of infection. - Follow Professional Advice:
If you are new to piercings, it’s important to follow the aftercare instructions provided by your piercer. Even a high-quality material like 316L requires proper care for optimal healing.
Conclusion
Surgical steel 316L is widely used in the piercing industry due to its durability, corrosion resistance, and general biocompatibility. While it works well for many individuals, those with a known nickel allergy should consider alternative materials. Always opt for high-quality, well-finished jewelry and consult with a professional piercer to ensure you select the best option for your body and healing needs.